BASIC PRINCIPLES OF RATIONAL BALANCED DIET FOR ATHLETES

Alla Levchuk, Mariia Paska

Анотація


Human health is determined by the ratio of four factors, to which the status of a certain axiom has been delegated by the expert community of the World Health Organization (WHO). With regard to the conditions of our country, the following values are adopted: genetic factors – 15–20 %;  state of the environment – 20–25 %; medical support – 10–15 %; conditions people’s lifestyle 50–55 % [1].
Among top-level athletes, there is a slight shift in the indicated proportions, which is associated with targeted selection, including the use of genetic research modern technologies; a certain role is played by a higher organizational level of medical care for high-class athletes. The main thing is the lifestyle, or rather, its components such as the orientation and intensity of the training process, the features of the recovery period, as well as the nature and diet [2].
Improving and maintaining sports performance is possible only with a reasonable combination of an optimally organized training process and nutrition. Errors in any of the components are guaranteed problems. Irrational training is the risk of developing general and partial overvoltage syndromes, including the musculoskeletal system; inadequate nutrition is a direct road to overwork (as it is called in sports, "overtraining") [3].


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